Not exactly. The patch has not helped, helped a phrase from the article:

... If you continue to have problems after you have installed this hotfix, troubleshoot the issue from...

thanks all, the problem was mostly solved.

I found that timeouts occur when 100% load of some cpu cores. Optimization of stored procedurs was helped us.

The Microsoft article, which sent us...

this is production server under heavy load... many users and jobs work simultaneously...

no unusual locks or any deadlocks in trouble time...

Symptoms very like to: http://support.microsoft.com/?id=918483

and timeouts correlate with...