You can create a query for Invoke-SqlCmd that accepts variables.  See here: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/sqlserver/invoke-sqlcmd?view=sqlserver-ps

From that page:

$StringArray = "MYVAR1='String1'", "MYVAR2='String2'"
Invoke-Sqlcmd -Query "SELECT $(MYVAR1) AS Var1,$(MYVAR2) AS Var2" -Variable $StringArray

Var1...

You have total control over the process - so why can't you just pass into the query the LIKE statement and use that to get only the rows from the...

Is there some reason you can't build a for-each loop in PS?  I gave a basic outline for that - and it should be fairly easy to figure out from...

Your question isn't clear - and the code to create @SINGLE_RETURN is really confusing.  Why wrap a non-null CHAR(13) function with ISNULL to return an empty string when CHAR(13) will never...

Several examples here: https://www.sqlservercentral.com/forums/topic/create-html-email

Sure - depends on what you consider a 'hit'.

With that said - you have a lot of additional code here that isn't really needed.  You can get rid of all...

You should also be aware that the SELECT version will return the 'last' row from the result - however that last row is determined - whereas the SET version will...

How are you determining 'unused table space'?

If this is actually unusable space allocated to the table - then it could possibly cause performance issues.  If that is the case -...

Instead of trying to convert the unix timestamp to a datetime2 - and then truncating that value down to the nearest minute, why not just round the timestamp itself to...

Bad style of the query (I know, it is intended here, but you should never write it this way in real code).

Instead of

SELECT 
  c.CustomerName,...

The full backup doesn't affect the transaction log - so you can just perform the 3pm log backup as normal and use that to restore to the 2pm point in...

You have just learned a valuable lesson - scope does matter in SQL Server.  Sub-queries have full access to the outer queries columns - so you can easily reference a...

To answer your last question - no, you cannot restore to a point in time without having the full backup *prior* to the event and all transaction log backups from...

I can see why CAST might do that (although I'd expect it to cause an error instead), but...

Make sure you check the options on all pages.  By default the GUI includes a tail log backup.