If you right-click on the connection, you can select the "Work Offline" option from the context menu.

You mention there's an app manager involved. Does this manager also manage job in the Windows Scheduler? Are there any errors in the Windows Event logs (system and application) around...

The most common date format in the US is mm/dd/yyyy, whereas in Europe (including the UK) it's more common to have dd/mm/yyyy
So setting the language settings of a login affects the...

Take a look at the free scripts of Kenneth Fisher (https://sqlstudies.com/free-scripts/). He has a script to list all database permissions. You can adjust the script by yourself to...

You can create a specific login for the application to use, preferrably from an Active Directory account. Next create a corresponding database user in each database the application needs access...

500 columns is a lot to put into a single table. It is also not a good approach to create a seperate table for each quarter.
Take a good look...

Does the failing stored procedure contains the EXECUTE AS clause?

Copying the databases using the SQL backup and restore method should work from SQL2005 to SQL2012. I expect the only thing to take into account during the restore is the...