First Monday of the Month

  • Hi I have a requirement to calculate the start and end of the working Month,

    The criteria is that if the 1st of the Month is a Monday then use that Date otherwise use the last Monday of the previous month.

    Example data Below

    DECLARE @Dates TABLE(ShortMonthName VARCHAR(3), [MonthStart] DATETIME,[MonthEnd] DATETIME)

    INSERT INTO @Dates
    (
    ShortMonthName,
    MonthStart,
    MonthEnd
    )
    VALUES


    ('Jan','2018-12-31','2019-01-27'),
    ('Feb','2019-01-28','2019-02-24'),
    ('Mar','2019-02-25','2019-03-31'),
    ('Apr','2019-04-01','2019-04-28'),
    ('May','2019-04-29','2019-05-26'),
    ('Jun','2019-05-27','2019-06-30'),
    ('Jul','2019-07-01','2019-07-28'),
    ('Aug','2019-07-29','2019-08-25'),
    ('Sep','2019-08-26','2019-09-29'),
    ('Oct','2019-09-30','2019-10-27'),
    ('Nov','2019-10-28','2019-11-24'),
    ('Dec','2019-11-25','2019-12-29')


    SELECT * FROM @dates

    I want to be able to create a function that will correctly calculate the start and end of the month for any given date, any year.

    So far I have come up with this quite crude solution . However its not working quite correctly.

    DECLARE @Date DATETIME='2019-01-28'



    SELECT @Date =
    CASE WHEN DATENAME(WEEKDAY, DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0)) ='Monday'THEN DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0)
    WHEN DATENAME(WEEKDAY, DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0)) ='Tuesday'THEN DATEADD(DAY,-1,DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0))
    WHEN DATENAME(WEEKDAY, DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0)) ='Wednesday' THEN DATEADD(DAY,-2,DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0))
    WHEN DATENAME(WEEKDAY, DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0)) ='Thursday'THEN DATEADD(DAY,-3,DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0))
    WHEN DATENAME(WEEKDAY, DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0)) ='Friday'THEN DATEADD(DAY,-4,DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0))
    WHEN DATENAME(WEEKDAY, DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0)) ='Saturday'THEN DATEADD(DAY,-5,DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0))
    WHEN DATENAME(WEEKDAY, DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0)) ='Sunday'THEN DATEADD(DAY,-6,DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, @Date), 0))
    END


    SELECT @date

    The above example should return '2019-01-28' as it's the start of February, How ever It's returning for the start of January.

    Any help would be much appreciated.

    Regards,

    Simon

  • I would have written the code differently - basically find the first day of next month and then subtract the number of days from there

    However I have a feeling there is a better way of writing this

     

    DECLARE @Date DATETIME='2019-01-28'

    SELECT CASE WHEN
    DATENAME(WEEKDAY , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date))) = 'Monday' THEN @date
    WHEN
    DATENAME(WEEKDAY , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date))) = 'Tuesday' THEN DATEADD(dd, -1 , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date)))
    WHEN
    DATENAME(WEEKDAY , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date))) = 'Wednesday' THEN DATEADD(dd, -2 , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date)))
    WHEN
    DATENAME(WEEKDAY , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date))) = 'Thursday' THEN DATEADD(dd, -3 , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date)))
    WHEN
    DATENAME(WEEKDAY , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date))) = 'Friday' THEN DATEADD(dd, -4 , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date)))
    WHEN
    DATENAME(WEEKDAY , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date))) = 'Saturday' THEN DATEADD(dd, -5 , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date)))
    WHEN
    DATENAME(WEEKDAY , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date))) = 'Sunday' THEN DATEADD(dd, -6 , DATEADD(DAY , 1 , EOMONTH(@date)))
    END
  • Two similar methods - one returns a DATE data type and the other returns a DATETIME:

    Declare @monthsBack int = 4;

    --==== Return a DATETIME data type
    Select ActualFirst = dateadd(month, datediff(month, 0, getdate()) - @monthsBack, 0)
    , CalcFirst = dateadd(day, -dw.day_number, dateadd(month, datediff(month, 0, getdate()) - @monthsBack, 0))
    From (
    Values (0, 'Monday')
    , (1, 'Tuesday')
    , (2, 'Wednesday')
    , (3, 'Thursday')
    , (4, 'Friday')
    , (5, 'Saturday')
    , (6, 'Sunday')
    ) As dw(day_number, day_name)
    Where dw.day_name = datename(weekday, dateadd(month, datediff(month, 0, getdate()) - @monthsBack, 0));

    --==== Return a DATE data type
    Select ActualFirst = dateadd(day, 1, eomonth(getdate(), -(@monthsBack + 1)))
    , CalcFirst = dateadd(day, -dw.day_number, dateadd(day, 1, eomonth(getdate(), -(@monthsBack + 1))))
    From (
    Values (0, 'Monday')
    , (1, 'Tuesday')
    , (2, 'Wednesday')
    , (3, 'Thursday')
    , (4, 'Friday')
    , (5, 'Saturday')
    , (6, 'Sunday')
    ) As dw(day_number, day_name)
    Where dw.day_name = datename(weekday, dateadd(day, 1, eomonth(getdate(), -(@monthsBack + 1))));

    If the function you need is going to be called in a query - then create the function as an inline-table valued function.  In fact - I would recommend creating it as an iTVF regardless.

    Jeffrey Williams
    “We are all faced with a series of great opportunities brilliantly disguised as impossible situations.”

    ― Charles R. Swindoll

    How to post questions to get better answers faster
    Managing Transaction Logs

  • You can simplify the code by moving the first of the month calculation to a CROSS APPLY:

    Declare @monthsBack int = 4;

    --==== Return a DATETIME data type
    Select ActualFirst = m.fom
    , CalcFirst = dateadd(day, -dw.day_number, m.fom)
    From (
    Values (0, 'Monday')
    , (1, 'Tuesday')
    , (2, 'Wednesday')
    , (3, 'Thursday')
    , (4, 'Friday')
    , (5, 'Saturday')
    , (6, 'Sunday')
    ) As dw(day_number, day_name)
    Cross Apply (Select dateadd(month, datediff(month, 0, getdate()) - @monthsBack, 0) As fom) m
    Where dw.day_name = datename(weekday, m.fom);

    --==== Return a DATE data type
    Select ActualFirst = m.fom
    , CalcFirst = dateadd(day, -dw.day_number, m.fom)
    From (
    Values (0, 'Monday')
    , (1, 'Tuesday')
    , (2, 'Wednesday')
    , (3, 'Thursday')
    , (4, 'Friday')
    , (5, 'Saturday')
    , (6, 'Sunday')
    ) As dw(day_number, day_name)
    Cross Apply (Select dateadd(day, 1, eomonth(getdate(), -(@monthsBack + 1))) As fom) m
    Where dw.day_name = datename(weekday, m.fom);

    Jeffrey Williams
    “We are all faced with a series of great opportunities brilliantly disguised as impossible situations.”

    ― Charles R. Swindoll

    How to post questions to get better answers faster
    Managing Transaction Logs

  • I'm using recursive CTE (see attached) to create a lookup table.

  • Sorry it does not load .sql

    Attachments:
    You must be logged in to view attached files.
  • The function code is in the code box.  To invoke it, do this:

    SELECT * FROM dbo.GetMonthStartAndEndDates(GETDATE())

    Or, if using with another table:

    SELECT ...

    FROM dbo.data_table dt

    CROSS APPLY dbo.GetMonthStartAndEndDates(dt.some_date_column) gm

    SET ANSI_NULLS ON;
    SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON;
    GO
    CREATE FUNCTION dbo.GetMonthStartAndEndDates (
    @month date /* a date anywhere in the month */
    )
    RETURNS TABLE
    AS
    RETURN (
    SELECT
    DATEADD(DAY, -DATEDIFF(DAY, 0, first_day_of_month) % 7,
    first_day_of_month) AS first_day_of_month,
    DATEADD(DAY, -DATEDIFF(DAY, 6, last_day_of_month) % 7,
    last_day_of_month) AS last_day_of_month
    FROM (
    SELECT DATEADD(MONTH, DATEDIFF(MONTH, 0, @month), 0) AS first_day_of_month,
    DATEADD(DAY, -1, DATEADD(MONTH, DATEDIFF(MONTH, 0, @month) + 1, 0)) AS last_day_of_month
    ) AS calc_month_start_and_end

    )
    GO

    SQL DBA,SQL Server MVP(07, 08, 09) "It's a dog-eat-dog world, and I'm wearing Milk-Bone underwear." "Norm", on "Cheers". Also from "Cheers", from "Carla": "You need to know 3 things about Tortelli men: Tortelli men draw women like flies; Tortelli men treat women like flies; Tortelli men's brains are in their flies".

  • This is the code from Suprotim Agarwal - another use of recursive CTE

    DECLARE

    @StartDate DATETIME,

    @EndDate DATETIME

    SELECT

    @StartDate = '01 Jan 2019',

    @EndDate = '31 Dec 2019'

    -- Populate CTE with the 1st date of every month

    ;WITH CTE(mth) AS (

    SELECT @StartDate mth

    UNION ALL

    SELECT DATEADD(month,1,mth) FROM CTE

    WHERE DATEADD(month,1,mth) <= @EndDate

    )

    SELECT DATEADD(DAY, 2 +

    CASE WHEN DATEPART(dw,mth) > 2 THEN 7

    ELSE 0

    END

    - DATEPART(dw, mth), mth) as 'First Monday'

    FROM CTE

  • Thanks for all you replies,

    However none of the solutions seem to work.

    For example if I pass in '2019-01-28'

    I would like it to return

    Feb 2019-01-28  as monthStart   2019-02-24 as MonthEnd

    As '2019-01-28' is the start date for February.

    Thanks

     

  • ShortMonthNameMonthStartMonthend
    Jan2018-12-312019-01-27
    Feb2019-01-282019-02-24
    Mar2019-02-252019-03-31
    Apr2019-04-012019-04-28
    May2019-04-292019-05-26
    Jun2019-05-272019-06-30
    Jul2019-07-012019-07-28
    Aug2019-07-292019-08-25
    Sep2019-08-262019-09-29
    Oct2019-09-302019-10-27
    Nov2019-10-282019-11-24
    Dec2019-11-252019-12-29

    Basically I want to be able to pass in a date and it calculate the Correct month Start and End as in the table above.

    The difficulty I think is getting the Correct Month Start when passing in a date >= the Start of the next month that is still in the current month.

  • Start with a iTVF that will calculate the dates for the month

    CREATE FUNCTION dbo.MonthStartEnd( @DateInMonth date )
    RETURNS TABLE WITH SCHEMABINDING
    AS RETURN
    WITH cteBaseValues AS (
    SELECT ThisMonthStartDate = CAST(DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, @DateInMonth), 0) AS date)
    , ThisMonthStartNum = CAST(DATEDIFF(dd, 0, DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, @DateInMonth), 0)) %7 AS tinyint)
    , NextMonthStartDate = CAST(DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, @DateInMonth) +1, 0) AS date)
    , NextMonthStartNum = CAST(DATEDIFF(dd, 0, DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, @DateInMonth) +1, 0)) %7 AS tinyint)
    )
    SELECT MonthStart = CASE WHEN v.ThisMonthStartNum = 0 THEN v.ThisMonthStartDate
    ELSE DATEADD(dd, 0 + CASE WHEN DATEDIFF(dd, 0, v.ThisMonthStartDate) %7 < 0 THEN -7 ELSE 0 END - DATEDIFF(dd, 0, v.ThisMonthStartDate) %7, v.ThisMonthStartDate)
    END
    , MonthEnd = DATEADD(DD, -1,
    CASE WHEN v.NextMonthStartNum = 0 THEN v.NextMonthStartDate
    ELSE DATEADD(dd, 0 + CASE WHEN DATEDIFF(dd, 0, v.NextMonthStartDate) %7 < 0 THEN -7 ELSE 0 END - DATEDIFF(dd, 0, v.NextMonthStartDate) %7, v.NextMonthStartDate)
    END)
    FROM cteBaseValues AS v;
    GO

    Then simply CROSS APPLY it to your list of dates to get the month start and end dates

    WITH cteTestData AS (
    SELECT v.*
    FROM (VALUES ( 'Jan', '2019-01-15' )
    , ( 'Feb', '2019-02-15' )
    , ( 'Mar', '2019-03-15' )
    , ( 'Apr', '2019-04-15' )
    , ( 'May', '2019-05-15' )
    , ( 'Jun', '2019-06-15' )
    , ( 'Jul', '2019-07-15' )
    , ( 'Aug', '2019-08-15' )
    , ( 'Sep', '2019-09-15' )
    , ( 'Oct', '2019-10-15' )
    , ( 'Nov', '2019-11-15' )
    , ( 'Dec', '2019-12-15' )
    ) AS v(mName, mDate)
    )
    SELECT td.mName
    , MonthStart = CASE WHEN td.mDate > mse.MonthEnd THEN mse2.MonthStart ELSE mse.MonthStart END
    , MonthEnd = CASE WHEN td.mDate > mse.MonthEnd THEN mse2.MonthEnd ELSE mse.MonthEnd END
    FROM cteTestData AS td
    CROSS APPLY dbo.MonthStartEnd(td.mDate) AS mse
    CROSS APPLY dbo.MonthStartEnd(DATEADD(mm, 1, td.mDate)) AS mse2
    ORDER BY td.mDate;

     

    • This reply was modified 5 years, 5 months ago by  DesNorton.
    • This reply was modified 5 years, 5 months ago by  DesNorton.
  • Thanks Des,

    That Table is just static showing  the Start and End Months.

    It will not be available in Production.

    Using your function still gives me incorrect dates when I use the following date

    SELECT *

    FROM dbo.MonthStartEnd( '2019-01-28' )

    Your function returns '2018-12-31' -'2019-01-27'

    It should return '2019-01-28' - '2019-02-24'

    Regards,

    Simon

     

  • Simon Hundleby wrote:

    Thanks Des, That Table is just static showing  the Start and End Months. It will not be available in Production. Using your function still gives me incorrect dates when I use the following date

    SELECT *

    FROM dbo.MonthStartEnd( '2019-01-28' )

    Your function returns '2018-12-31' -'2019-01-27' It should return '2019-01-28' - '2019-02-24' Regards, Simon  

     

    Hi Simon

    I did edit my post, so not sure if you tested before or after the edit.

    Note that I call the function twice to cater for the case when the date in the calendar month actually falls into the next fiscal month

  • For a single value, you can still call the function twice

    DECLARE @TheDate AS date = '2019-01-28';

    SELECT MonthStart = CASE WHEN @TheDate > mse.MonthEnd THEN mse2.MonthStart ELSE mse.MonthStart END
    , MonthEnd = CASE WHEN @TheDate > mse.MonthEnd THEN mse2.MonthEnd ELSE mse.MonthEnd END
    FROM dbo.MonthStartEnd(@TheDate) AS mse
    CROSS APPLY dbo.MonthStartEnd(DATEADD(mm, 1, @TheDate)) AS mse2;

    • This reply was modified 5 years, 5 months ago by  DesNorton.
  • I have modified the proc to do a check and cater for the date that falls into the next month

    CREATE FUNCTION dbo.MonthStartEnd2( @DateInMonth date )
    RETURNS TABLE WITH SCHEMABINDING
    AS RETURN
    WITH cteBaseValues AS (
    SELECT ThisMonthStartDate = CAST(DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, @DateInMonth), 0) AS date)
    , ThisMonthStartNum = CAST(DATEDIFF(dd, 0, DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, @DateInMonth), 0)) %7 AS tinyint)
    , NextMonthStartDate = CAST(DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, @DateInMonth) +1, 0) AS date)
    , NextMonthStartNum = CAST(DATEDIFF(dd, 0, DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, @DateInMonth) +1, 0)) %7 AS tinyint)
    )
    , cteBaseValuesNext AS (
    SELECT ThisMonthStartDate = CAST(DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, DATEADD(mm, 1, @DateInMonth)), 0) AS date)
    , ThisMonthStartNum = CAST(DATEDIFF(dd, 0, DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, DATEADD(mm, 1, @DateInMonth)), 0)) %7 AS tinyint)
    , NextMonthStartDate = CAST(DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, DATEADD(mm, 1, @DateInMonth)) +1, 0) AS date)
    , NextMonthStartNum = CAST(DATEDIFF(dd, 0, DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, DATEADD(mm, 1, @DateInMonth)) +1, 0)) %7 AS tinyint)
    )
    , cteMonthThis AS (
    SELECT MonthStart = CASE WHEN bv.ThisMonthStartNum = 0 THEN bv.ThisMonthStartDate
    ELSE DATEADD(dd, 0 + CASE WHEN DATEDIFF(dd, 0, bv.ThisMonthStartDate) %7 < 0 THEN -7 ELSE 0 END
    - DATEDIFF(dd, 0, bv.ThisMonthStartDate) %7, bv.ThisMonthStartDate)
    END
    , MonthEnd = DATEADD(DD, -1,
    CASE WHEN bv.NextMonthStartNum = 0 THEN bv.NextMonthStartDate
    ELSE DATEADD(dd, 0 + CASE WHEN DATEDIFF(dd, 0, bv.NextMonthStartDate) %7 < 0 THEN -7 ELSE 0 END
    - DATEDIFF(dd, 0, bv.NextMonthStartDate) %7, bv.NextMonthStartDate)
    END
    )
    FROM cteBaseValues AS bv
    )
    , cteMonthNext AS (
    SELECT MonthStart = CASE WHEN bv.ThisMonthStartNum = 0 THEN bv.ThisMonthStartDate
    ELSE DATEADD(dd, 0 + CASE WHEN DATEDIFF(dd, 0, bv.ThisMonthStartDate) %7 < 0 THEN -7 ELSE 0 END
    - DATEDIFF(dd, 0, bv.ThisMonthStartDate) %7, bv.ThisMonthStartDate)
    END
    , MonthEnd = DATEADD(DD, -1,
    CASE WHEN bv.NextMonthStartNum = 0 THEN bv.NextMonthStartDate
    ELSE DATEADD(dd, 0 + CASE WHEN DATEDIFF(dd, 0, bv.NextMonthStartDate) %7 < 0 THEN -7 ELSE 0 END
    - DATEDIFF(dd, 0, bv.NextMonthStartDate) %7, bv.NextMonthStartDate)
    END
    )
    FROM cteBaseValuesNext AS bv
    )
    SELECT MonthStart = CASE WHEN @DateInMonth > mt.MonthEnd THEN (SELECT mn.MonthStart FROM cteMonthNext AS mn) ELSE mt.MonthStart END
    , MonthEnd = CASE WHEN @DateInMonth > mt.MonthEnd THEN (SELECT mn.MonthEnd FROM cteMonthNext AS mn) ELSE mt.MonthEnd END
    FROM cteMonthThis AS mt;
    GO

Viewing 15 posts - 1 through 15 (of 62 total)

You must be logged in to reply to this topic. Login to reply