A Simple Formula to Calculate the ISO Week Number

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A Simple Formula to Calculate the ISO Week Number

Jeff Moden

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April 7, 2013 at 10:04 pm

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Comments posted to this topic are about the item A Simple Formula to Calculate the ISO Week Number
--Jeff Moden
RBAR is pronounced "ree-bar" and is a "Modenism" for Row-By-Agonizing-Row.
First step towards the paradigm shift of writing Set Based code:
________Stop thinking about what you want to do to a ROW... think, instead, of what you want to do to a COLUMN.
Change is inevitable... Change for the better is not.
Helpful Links:
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cppprogrammer Right there with Babe Points: 797 More actions · Answer 1

Damnit! I went to vote 5 stars and the location of the 5th star changed so it hit 2?!? Can I change it?:unsure::blush:

Jeff Moden SSC Guru Points: 1004324 More actions · Answer 2

cppprogrammer (4/7/2013)
Damnit! I went to vote 5 stars and the location of the 5th star changed so it hit 2?!? Can I change it?:unsure::blush:

Heh... no. I don't know of anyway to change it. Your feedback is better than the stars anyway. Thanks for the read and the thought. I appreciate it. 🙂

--Jeff Moden

RBAR is pronounced "ree-bar" and is a "Modenism" for Row-By-Agonizing-Row.
First step towards the paradigm shift of writing Set Based code:
________Stop thinking about what you want to do to a ROW... think, instead, of what you want to do to a COLUMN.

Change is inevitable... Change for the better is not.

Helpful Links:
How to post code problems
How to Post Performance Problems
Create a Tally Function (fnTally)

Jeff Moden SSC Guru Points: 1004324 More actions · Answer 3

You can tell a lot about the stars this early in the game. There was an accidental "2", and then a "5" for a total of 7/2 stars. Now the average is back down to "2" which means a couple of folks gave the article some really low marks. The problem is, they didn't take the time to explain why in this discussion, so I have to guess why that may be and don't actually learn anything from them.

--Jeff Moden

RBAR is pronounced "ree-bar" and is a "Modenism" for Row-By-Agonizing-Row.
First step towards the paradigm shift of writing Set Based code:
________Stop thinking about what you want to do to a ROW... think, instead, of what you want to do to a COLUMN.

Change is inevitable... Change for the better is not.

Helpful Links:
How to post code problems
How to Post Performance Problems
Create a Tally Function (fnTally)

cppprogrammer Right there with Babe Points: 797 More actions · Answer 4

My only feedback is I'm a big fan of sticking to integer arithmetic where possible so a few neat tricks there!

Jeff Moden SSC Guru Points: 1004324 More actions · Answer 5

cppprogrammer (4/8/2013)
My only feedback is I'm a big fan of sticking to integer arithmetic where possible so a few neat tricks there!

Me too! I knew it was going to be lightning quick when I first saw it just because of the Integer Math in it. "t-clausen.dk" did a heck of a job on this one. Here's his link again (look for his second post on the thread). Let's get everyone to stop over there and lets see if we can drive his post over the 5,000 mark. The man definitely deserves it for this one!

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7330711/isoweek-in-sql-server-2005

--Jeff Moden

RBAR is pronounced "ree-bar" and is a "Modenism" for Row-By-Agonizing-Row.
First step towards the paradigm shift of writing Set Based code:
________Stop thinking about what you want to do to a ROW... think, instead, of what you want to do to a COLUMN.

Change is inevitable... Change for the better is not.

Helpful Links:
How to post code problems
How to Post Performance Problems
Create a Tally Function (fnTally)

SwePeso SSC-Dedicated Points: 39757 More actions · Answer 6

This is one excellent algorithm to get the ISO week number.

However doing this by using 17530101 instead of 19000101 throws an error

Arithmetic overflow error converting expression to data type datetime.

It turns out the highest integer value "DATEPART(DAYOFYEAR" can accept 2958463. Which is 8100 years, which accidentally is the number of years between 1900 and 9999 and number of days between 19000101 and 99991231. My guess is that a developer over at Microsoft has hardwired this upper limit.

N 56°04'39.16"
E 12°55'05.25"

SwePeso SSC-Dedicated Points: 39757 More actions · Answer 7

However, the fix is really simple. Since all we need in an anchor date of a monday, write this case statement.

--===== Test the new formula ============================================================

DECLARE @Bitbucket INT;

SELECT @Bitbucket = CASE

WHEN Date < '19000101' THEN DATEPART(dy,DATEDIFF(dd,'17530101',Date)/7*7+3)+6

ELSE DATEPART(dy,DATEDIFF(dd,'19000101',Date)/7*7+3)+6

end / 7

FROM #TestTable;

GO 5

N 56°04'39.16"
E 12°55'05.25"

Jeff Moden SSC Guru Points: 1004324 More actions · Answer 8

SwePeso (4/8/2013)
This is one excellent algorithm to get the ISO week number.
However doing this by using 17530101 instead of 19000101 throws an error
Arithmetic overflow error converting expression to data type datetime.
It turns out the highest integer value "DATEPART(DAYOFYEAR" can accept 2958463. Which is 8100 years, which accidentally is the number of years between 1900 and 9999 and number of days between 19000101 and 99991231. My guess is that a developer over at Microsoft has hardwired this upper limit.

Too funny and brilliant observation, Peter. Your CASE statement fix works great especially since I would imagine that most folks would encapsulate the formula in one form or another of a function.

Your fix for the earlier date does have me thinking about Integer Math and conversions, though. I don't know why, but I've never tested to see if the use of Date Serial Numbers such as 0 ('19000101') and -53690 ('17530101') are faster than their string counter parts as we use them in some of the date functions. We do know that CAST and CONVERT to strings and back again is slower but I've never tested the implicit conversions. I'll give it a whirl when I get home from work tonight.

Thanks for stopping by, Peter. Haven't seen you around much and it's a real pleasure to see that fabulous mind at work here, again.

--Jeff Moden

RBAR is pronounced "ree-bar" and is a "Modenism" for Row-By-Agonizing-Row.
First step towards the paradigm shift of writing Set Based code:
________Stop thinking about what you want to do to a ROW... think, instead, of what you want to do to a COLUMN.

Change is inevitable... Change for the better is not.

Helpful Links:
How to post code problems
How to Post Performance Problems
Create a Tally Function (fnTally)

Andy Warren SSC Guru Points: 119902 More actions · Answer 9

Jeff, that is a very nice write up and a very nice job of giving credit where credit is due. The code is interesting, the explanation is just first class, I appreciate the little details like running it in Tempdb to make it easier for someone new.

Andy
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Mike Dougherty-384281 SSCrazy Points: 2794 More actions · Answer 10

I like the emphasis on thanking someone for writing a clever equation. Maybe it isn't as popular as y = mx + b, but that one doesn't solve for ISO Week Number - so the right tool for the job, eh?

fwiw, thanks Jeff for another example of how to write an article taking us through the discovery/investigation process (ex: "I've left all of the other interim calculations in place just for comparison purposes and will continue to do so in all other examples that follow.")

ChrisM@Work SSC Guru Points: 186127 More actions · Answer 11

How often we see "so how does that work, exactly?" when someone posts an up-to-date solution to their tricky problem. Try explaining this algorithm in the remaining 3 minutes of your lunch break!

Thanks Jeff for taking the time to write - for a brilliant algorithm - an equally brilliant explanation. Bookmarked.

^{“Write the query the simplest way. If through testing it becomes clear that the performance is inadequate, consider alternative query forms.” - Gail Shaw}

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Hidden RBAR: Triangular Joins / The "Numbers" or "Tally" Table: What it is and how it replaces a loop Jeff Moden

Johan Bijnens SSC Guru Points: 135369 More actions · Answer 12

It took me some time to crawl back into working position after reading this finding.

Completely astonished by the simplicity of the solution.

Huge thank you for notifying and publishing another great help for the community.

Johan

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Jeff Moden SSC Guru Points: 1004324 More actions · Answer 13

Andy Warren (4/8/2013)
Jeff, that is a very nice write up and a very nice job of giving credit where credit is due. The code is interesting, the explanation is just first class, I appreciate the little details like running it in Tempdb to make it easier for someone new.

Thanks for the great feedback, Andy. Heh... yeah... I remember what it was like being new. Good thing I had backups so I could restore the things I deleted by mistake. Hopefully doing these types of experiments in TempDB will protect those that have not yet been burned by an experiment.

--Jeff Moden

RBAR is pronounced "ree-bar" and is a "Modenism" for Row-By-Agonizing-Row.
First step towards the paradigm shift of writing Set Based code:
________Stop thinking about what you want to do to a ROW... think, instead, of what you want to do to a COLUMN.

Change is inevitable... Change for the better is not.

Helpful Links:
How to post code problems
How to Post Performance Problems
Create a Tally Function (fnTally)

Jeff Moden SSC Guru Points: 1004324 More actions · Answer 14

Mike Dougherty-384281 (4/8/2013)
I like the emphasis on thanking someone for writing a clever equation. Maybe it isn't as popular as y = mx + b, but that one doesn't solve for ISO Week Number - so the right tool for the job, eh?
fwiw, thanks Jeff for another example of how to write an article taking us through the discovery/investigation process (ex: "I've left all of the other interim calculations in place just for comparison purposes and will continue to do so in all other examples that follow.")

Thanks, Mike. I sure do appreciate the feedback on this. Hopefully folks will go to the link I gave and give the inventor about a bazillion +1's because he sure does deserve it.

I was absolutely amazed when I first tested the code to make sure it worked. I just had to tear it apart so I could understand it better. The code in the article is how I actually went through most of it. I'm getting too old to hold very many calculations in mid-air anymore. 🙂

--Jeff Moden

RBAR is pronounced "ree-bar" and is a "Modenism" for Row-By-Agonizing-Row.
First step towards the paradigm shift of writing Set Based code:
________Stop thinking about what you want to do to a ROW... think, instead, of what you want to do to a COLUMN.

Change is inevitable... Change for the better is not.

Helpful Links:
How to post code problems
How to Post Performance Problems
Create a Tally Function (fnTally)